Firmament: רָקִ֖יעַ – raqia

And I looked, and there in the firmament that was above the head of the cherubim, there appeared something like a sapphire stone, having the appearance of the likeness of a throne.

(Ezekiel 10:1) NKJV

The Hebrew word translated firmament is raqia. Some people struggle to interpret the firmament, most don’t bother. A simple definition is expanse so most translations render the meaning as “the expanse of the sky.”

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The Third Heaven

And they that be wise shall shine as the brightness of the firmament; and they that turn many to righteousness as the stars for ever and ever. (Daniel 12:3)

(the firmament, sea of glass or heliopause)

I know a certain Christian man who fourteen years ago was snatched up to the highest heaven (I do not know whether this actually happened or whether he had a vision—only God knows). I repeat, I know that this man was snatched to Paradise (again, I do not know whether this actually happened or whether it was a vision—only God knows), and there he heard things which cannot be put into words, things that human lips may not speak.

(2 Corinthians 12:2-4) Good News Translation

The third heaven is the dome or firmament, which is a sea of glass. It’s a rigid crystalline sphere on the edge of space which formed in response to the creation of gravity on the second day.

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The Distance to the Firmament

Is not God in the height of heaven? and behold the height of the stars, how high they are! And thou sayest, How doth God know? can he judge through the dark cloud? Thick clouds are a covering to him, that he seeth not; and he walketh in the circuit of heaven.

(Job 22:12-14) KJV

The distance to the firmament (heaven), from the center of the Earth, is approx. 1,736,441 light years. But we (that’s me and the Holy spirit) would appreciate it if someone would check our math.

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Firmament 17

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Job 22:12-14

Is not God in the height of heaven? and behold the height of the stars, how high they are! And thou sayest, How doth God know? can he judge through the dark cloud? Thick clouds are a covering to him, that he seeth not; and he walketh in the circuit of heaven.

God is in heaven, above the dark cloud. This is speaking of the covering that Isaiah referred to as being like sackcloth.

Heaven is a circuit, an orbit of the earth, a sphere on the edge of space.

The Firmament Rabbit Trail

And God said, Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters. And God made the firmament, and divided the waters which were under the firmament from the waters which were above the firmament: and it was so. And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.

(Genesis 1:6-8) KJV

One of our favorite ways to study the Bible is to follow a doctrine through from the first time it’s mentioned to the last. This is a great way to develop understanding of the doctrine in the broad narrative of scripture.

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